What is happening here?
Exodus 21 begins the covenant judgments that apply the principles given at Sinai to Israel’s social life. The chapter addresses Hebrew servants, marriage protections, murder, manslaughter, kidnapping, assaults, injuries, harm to pregnant women, proportional justice, treatment of servants, dangerous animals, and negligence. These laws regulate a fallen society by assigning responsibility, limiting retaliation, protecting vulnerable people, and distinguishing intentional violence from accidental harm.
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