Genesis 1:16
And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also.
Read in context →Begin with the exact English word as it appears in the King James Bible. Follow its whole-Bible usage, book distribution, related indexed forms, Webster 1828, every occurrence, and the occurrence-specific Hebrew/Aramaic/Greek mappings behind it.
And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also.
Read in context →And had a wall great and high, and had twelve gates, and at the gates twelve angels, and names written thereon, which are the names of the twelve tribes of the children of Israel:
Read in context →72 occurrences in 67 verses.
Browse those occurrences →This is exact English-word usage from the canonical KJV token index, not a Strong's estimate.
These relationships come from exact verse + token-position mappings. We do not assume that one English spelling always equals one Strong's number. A single English token can also carry more than one source tag, so the Strong's-link total can exceed the number of English occurrences.
gâdôwl · gaw-dole'
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
Strong's KJV usage: aloud, elder(-est), exceeding(-ly), far, (man of) great (man, matter, thing,-er,-ness), high, long, loud, mighty, more, much, noble, proud thing, × sore, (×) very.
Strong's first: Genesis 1:16Strong's last: Malachi 4:5
Open full H1419 profile →mégas · meg'-as
big (literally or figuratively, in a very wide application)
Strong's KJV usage: :--(+ fear) exceedingly, great(-est), high, large, loud, mighty, + (be) sore (afraid), strong, X to years.
Strong's first: Matthew 2:10Strong's last: Revelation 21:12
Open full G3173 profile →rab · rab
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
Strong's KJV usage: (in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly), captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man, one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold, things, a time), (ship-)master, mighty, more, (too, very) much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous, populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent).
Strong's first: Genesis 6:5Strong's last: Zechariah 14:13
Open full H7227 profile →polýs · pol-oos'
(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
Strong's KJV usage: :--abundant, + altogether, common, + far (passed, spent), (+ be of a) great (age, deal, -ly, while), long, many, much, oft(-en (-times)), plenteous, sore, straitly.
Strong's first: Matthew 2:18Strong's last: Revelation 19:6
Open full G4183 profile →gâdal · gaw-dal'
to be (causatively make) large (in various senses, as in body, mind, estate or honor, also in pride)
Strong's KJV usage: advance, boast, bring up, exceed, excellent, be(-come, do, give, make, wax), great(-er, come to... estate, things), grow(up), increase, lift up, magnify(-ifical), be much set by, nourish (up), pass, promote, proudly (spoken), tower.
Strong's first: Genesis 12:2Strong's last: Zechariah 12:11
Open full H1431 profile →mᵉʼôd · meh-ode'
properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or superlative; especially when repeated)
Strong's KJV usage: diligently, especially, exceeding(-ly), far, fast, good, great(-ly), × louder and louder, might(-ily, -y), (so) much, quickly, (so) sore, utterly, very ( much, sore), well.
Strong's first: Deuteronomy 3:5Strong's last: Zechariah 14:14
Open full H3966 profile →rab · rab
Strong's KJV usage: captain, chief, great, lord, master, stout.
Strong's first: Ezra 4:10Strong's last: Daniel 7:2
Open full H7229 profile →rôb · robe
abundance (in any respect)
Strong's KJV usage: abundance(-antly), all, × common (sort), excellent, great(-ly, -ness, number), huge, be increased, long, many, more in number, most, much, multitude, plenty(-ifully), × very (age).
Strong's first: 2 Chronicles 24:24Strong's last: Ezekiel 28:5
Open full H7230 profile →kâbêd · kaw-bade'
heavy; figuratively in a good sense (numerous) or in a bad sense (severe, difficult, stupid)
Strong's KJV usage: (so) great, grievous, hard(-ened), (too) heavy(-ier), laden, much, slow, sore, thick.
Strong's first: Genesis 50:9Strong's last: Isaiah 36:2
Open full H3515 profile →râbâh · raw-baw'
to increase (in whatever respect)
Strong's KJV usage: (bring in) abundance (× -antly), archer (by mistake for 7232), be in authority, bring up, × continue, enlarge, excel, exceeding(-ly), be full of, (be, make) great(-er, -ly, × -ness), grow up, heap, increase, be long, (be, give, have, make, use) many (a time), (any, be, give, give the, have) more (in number), (ask, be, be so, gather, over, take, yield) much (greater, more), (make to) multiply, nourish, plenty(-eous), × process (of time), sore, store, thoroughly, very.
Strong's first: Genesis 15:1Strong's last: Ecclesiastes 2:7
Open full H7235 profile →rabrab · rab-rab'
huge (in size); domineering (in character)
Strong's KJV usage: (very) great (things).
Strong's first: Daniel 2:48Strong's last: Daniel 7:17
Open full H7260 profile →tosoûtos · tos-oo'-tos
apparently from G3588 and G3739) and G3778 (including its variations); so vast as this, i.e. such (in quantity, amount, number of space)
Strong's KJV usage: :--as large, so great (long, many, much), these many.
Strong's first: Matthew 8:10Strong's last: Revelation 18:17
Open full G5118 profile →hósos · hos'-os
as (much, great, long, etc.) as
Strong's KJV usage: :--all (that), as (long, many, much) (as), how great (many, much), (in-)asmuch as, so many as, that (ever), the more, those things, what (great, -soever), wheresoever, wherewithsoever, which, X while, who(-soever).
Strong's first: Mark 5:19Strong's last: Acts 9:16
Open full G3745 profile →tēlikoûtos · tay-lik-oo'-tos
such as this, i.e. (in (figurative) magnitude) so vast
Strong's KJV usage: :--so great, so mighty.
Strong's first: 2 Corinthians 1:10Strong's last: James 3:4
Open full G5082 profile →hēlíkos · hay-lee'-kos
as big as, i.e. (interjectively) how much
Strong's KJV usage: :--how (what) great.
Strong's first: Colossians 2:1Strong's last: James 3:5
Open full G2245 profile →hikanós · hik-an-os'
competent (as if coming in season), i.e. ample (in amount) or fit (in character)
Strong's KJV usage: :--able, + content, enough, good, great, large, long (while), many, meet, much, security, sore, sufficient, worthy.
Strong's first: Mark 10:46Strong's last: Acts 22:6
Open full G2425 profile →kaí · kahee
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
Strong's KJV usage: :--and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Strong's first: Revelation 15:3Strong's last: Revelation 18:1
Open full G2532 profile →ʼĕlôhîym · el-o-heem'
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative
Strong's KJV usage: angels, × exceeding, God (gods) (-dess, -ly), × (very) great, judges, × mighty.
Strong's first: Genesis 30:8Strong's last: 1 Samuel 14:15
Open full H430 profile →gâbar · gaw-bar'
to be strong; by implication, to prevail, act insolently
Strong's KJV usage: exceed, confirm, be great, be mighty, prevail, put to more (strength), strengthen, be stronger, be valiant.
Strong's first: Psalms 103:11Strong's last: Psalms 117:2
Open full H1396 profile →gâdêl · gaw-dale'
large (literally or figuratively)
Strong's KJV usage: great, grew.
Strong's first: 2 Chronicles 17:12Strong's last: Ezekiel 16:26
Open full H1432 profile →gᵉlâl · ghel-awl'
weight or size (as if rolled)
Strong's KJV usage: great.
Strong's first: Ezra 5:8Strong's last: Ezra 6:4
Open full H1560 profile →chŏrîy · khor-ee'
a burning (i.e. intense) anger
Strong's KJV usage: fierce, × great, heat.
Strong's first: Exodus 11:8Strong's last: 2 Chronicles 25:10
Open full H2750 profile →kâbad · kaw-bad'
to be heavy, i.e. in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable); causatively, to make weighty (in the same two senses)
Strong's KJV usage: abounding with, more grievously afflict, boast, be chargeable, × be dim, glorify, be (make) glorious (things), glory, (very) great, be grievous, harden, be (make) heavy, be heavier, lay heavily, (bring to, come to, do, get, be had in) honour (self), (be) honourable (man), lade, × more be laid, make self many, nobles, prevail, promote (to honour), be rich, be (go) sore, stop.
Strong's first: Numbers 22:17Strong's last: Numbers 24:11
Open full H3513 profile →pachad · pakh'-ad
a (sudden) alarm (properly, the object feared, by implication, the feeling)
Strong's KJV usage: dread(-ful), fear, (thing) great (fear, -ly feared), terror.
Strong's first: Psalms 14:5Strong's last: Psalms 53:5
Open full H6343 profile →saggîyʼ · sag-ghee'
large (in size, quantity or number, also adverbial)
Strong's KJV usage: exceeding, great(-ly); many, much, sore, very.
Strong's first: Daniel 2:6Strong's last: Daniel 4:10
Open full H7690 profile →theós · theh'-os
a deity, especially (with G3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
Strong's KJV usage: :--X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Strong's first: Revelation 16:14Strong's last: Revelation 16:14
Open full G2316 profile →makrán · mak-ran'
at a distance (literally or figuratively)
Strong's KJV usage: :--(a-)far (off), good (great) way off.
Strong's first: Luke 15:20Strong's last: Luke 15:20
Open full G3112 profile →megalýnō · meg-al-oo'-no
to make (or declare) great, i.e. increase or (figuratively) extol
Strong's KJV usage: :--enlarge, magnify, shew great.
Strong's first: Luke 1:58Strong's last: Luke 1:58
Open full G3170 profile →megistânes · meg-is-tan'-es
grandees
Strong's KJV usage: :--great men, lords.
Strong's first: Revelation 6:15Strong's last: Revelation 6:15
Open full G3175 profile →mégistos · meg'-is-tos
greatest or very great
Strong's KJV usage: :--exceeding great.
Strong's first: 2 Peter 1:4Strong's last: 2 Peter 1:4
Open full G3176 profile →pálai · pal'-ahee
(adverbially) formerly, or (by relatively) sometime since; (elliptically as adjective) ancient
Strong's KJV usage: :--any while, a great while ago, (of) old, in time past.
Strong's first: Luke 10:13Strong's last: Luke 10:13
Open full G3819 profile →pámpolys · pam-pol-ooce
full many, i.e. immense
Strong's KJV usage: :--very great.
Strong's first: Mark 8:1Strong's last: Mark 8:1
Open full G3827 profile →pēlíkos · pay-lee'-kos
how much (as an indefinite), i.e. in size or (figuratively) dignity
Strong's KJV usage: :--how great (large).
Strong's first: Hebrews 7:4Strong's last: Hebrews 7:4
Open full G4080 profile →pleîstos · plice'-tos
the largest number or very large
Strong's KJV usage: :--very great, most.
Strong's first: Matthew 21:8Strong's last: Matthew 21:8
Open full G4118 profile →polýtimos · pol-oot'-ee-mos
extremely valuable
Strong's KJV usage: :--very costly, of great price.
Strong's first: Matthew 13:46Strong's last: Matthew 13:46
Open full G4186 profile →pórrhō · por'-rho
forwards, i.e. at a distance
Strong's KJV usage: :--far, a great way off.
Strong's first: Luke 14:32Strong's last: Luke 14:32
Open full G4206 profile →pósos · pos'-os
interrogative pronoun (of amount) how much (large, long or (plural) many)
Strong's KJV usage: :--how great (long, many), what.
Strong's first: Matthew 6:23Strong's last: Matthew 6:23
Open full G4214 profile →ʼêl · ale
strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)
Strong's KJV usage: God (god), × goodly, × great, idol, might(-y one), power, strong. Compare names in '-el.'
Strong's first: Psalms 36:6Strong's last: Psalms 36:6
Open full H410 profile →ʼatstsîyl · ats-tseel'
a joint of the hand (i.e. knuckle); also (according to some) a party-wall (Ezekiel 41:8)
Strong's KJV usage: (arm) hole, great.
Strong's first: Ezekiel 41:8Strong's last: Ezekiel 41:8
Open full H679 profile →baʻal · bah'-al
a master; hence, a husband, or (figuratively) owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense)
Strong's KJV usage: archer, babbler, bird, captain, chief man, confederate, have to do, dreamer, those to whom it is due, furious, those that are given to it, great, hairy, he that hath it, have, horseman, husband, lord, man, married, master, person, sworn, they of.
Strong's first: Proverbs 18:9Strong's last: Proverbs 18:9
Open full H1167 profile →bâqâr · baw-kawr'
a beeve or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd
Strong's KJV usage: beeve, bull ( -ock), calf, cow, great (cattle), heifer, herd, kine, ox.
Strong's first: Ecclesiastes 2:7Strong's last: Ecclesiastes 2:7
Open full H1241 profile →gârôl · gaw-role'
harsh
Strong's KJV usage: man of great (as in the margin which reads 1419).
Strong's first: Proverbs 19:19Strong's last: Proverbs 19:19
Open full H1632 profile →hâreh · haw-reh'
pregnant
Strong's KJV usage: (be, woman) with child, conceive, × great.
Strong's first: Jeremiah 20:17Strong's last: Jeremiah 20:17
Open full H2030 profile →zânâh · zaw-naw'
to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (the Jewish people being regarded as the spouse of Jehovah)
Strong's KJV usage: (cause to) commit fornication, × continually, × great, (be an, play the) harlot, (cause to be, play the) whore, (commit, fall to) whoredom, (cause to) go a-whoring, whorish.
Strong's first: Hosea 1:2Strong's last: Hosea 1:2
Open full H2181 profile →chad · khad
as card. one; as article single; as an ordinal, first; adverbially, at once
Strong's KJV usage: a, first, one, together.
Strong's first: Daniel 2:31Strong's last: Daniel 2:31
Open full H2298 profile →chûwl · khool
properly, to twist or whirl (in a circular or spiral manner), i.e. (specifically) to dance, to writhe in pain (especially of parturition) or fear; figuratively, to wait, to pervert
Strong's KJV usage: bear, (make to) bring forth, (make to) calve, dance, drive away, fall grievously (with pain), fear, form, great, grieve, (be) grievous, hope, look, make, be in pain, be much (sore) pained, rest, shake, shapen, (be) sorrow(-ful), stay, tarry, travail (with pain), tremble, trust, wait carefully (patiently), be wounded.
Strong's first: Ezekiel 30:16Strong's last: Ezekiel 30:16
Open full H2342 profile →kôbed · ko'-bed
weight, multitude, vehemence
Strong's KJV usage: grievousness, heavy, great number.
Strong's first: Nahum 3:3Strong's last: Nahum 3:3
Open full H3514 profile →mâṭar · maw-tawr'
rain
Strong's KJV usage: rain.
Strong's first: Job 37:6Strong's last: Job 37:6
Open full H4306 profile →marbeh · mar-beh'
properly, increasing; as noun, greatness, or (adverbially) greatly
Strong's KJV usage: great, increase.
Strong's first: Isaiah 33:23Strong's last: Isaiah 33:23
Open full H4766 profile →ʻâtsûwm · aw-tsoom'
powerful (specifically, a paw); by implication, numerous
Strong's KJV usage: feeble, great, mighty, must, strong.
Strong's first: Numbers 32:1Strong's last: Numbers 32:1
Open full H6099 profile →ʻâtsam · aw-tsam'
to bind fast, i.e. close (the eyes); intransitively, to be (causatively, make) powerful or numerous; to crunch the bones
Strong's KJV usage: break the bones, close, be great, be increased, be (wax) mighty(-ier), be more, shut, be(-come, make) strong(-er).
Strong's first: Psalms 139:17Strong's last: Psalms 139:17
Open full H6105 profile →ʻâsâh · aw-saw'
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
Strong's KJV usage: accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, × certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, feast, (fight-) ing man, finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, hinder, hold (a feast), × indeed, be industrious, journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, × sacrifice, serve, set, shew, × sin, spend, × surely, take, × thoroughly, trim, × very, vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use.
Strong's first: 1 Samuel 26:25Strong's last: 1 Samuel 26:25
Open full H6213 profile →raʻ · rah
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
Strong's KJV usage: adversity, affliction, bad, calamity, displease(-ure), distress, evil((-favouredness), man, thing), exceedingly, × great, grief(-vous), harm, heavy, hurt(-ful), ill (favoured), mark, mischief(-vous), misery, naught(-ty), noisome, not please, sad(-ly), sore, sorrow, trouble, vex, wicked(-ly, -ness, one), worse(-st), wretchedness, wrong. (Incl. feminine raaah; as adjective or noun.).
Strong's first: Hosea 10:15Strong's last: Hosea 10:15
Open full H7451 profile →saggîyʼ · sag-ghee'
(superlatively) mighty
Strong's KJV usage: excellent, great.
Strong's first: Job 36:26Strong's last: Job 36:26
Open full H7689 profile →Strong's data is a concordance/lexical reference layer. Scripture context controls interpretation. Lexical source data is shown separately from future TWBC editorial teaching.
41 occurrences match the current filters. Each row keeps its exact KJV token position so Original Word and TSK remain occurrence-specific.
But if ye shew the dream, and the interpretation thereof, ye shall receive of me gifts and rewards and great honour: therefore shew me the dream, and the interpretation thereof.
Thou, O king, sawest, and behold a great image. This great image, whose brightness was excellent, stood before thee; and the form thereof was terrible.
Thou, O king, sawest, and behold a great image. This great image, whose brightness was excellent, stood before thee; and the form thereof was terrible.
Then was the iron, the clay, the brass, the silver, and the gold, broken to pieces together, and became like the chaff of the summer threshingfloors; and the wind carried them away, that no place was found for them: and the stone that smote the image became a great mountain, and filled the whole earth.
Forasmuch as thou sawest that the stone was cut out of the mountain without hands, and that it brake in pieces the iron, the brass, the clay, the silver, and the gold; the great God hath made known to the king what shall come to pass hereafter: and the dream is certain, and the interpretation thereof sure.
Then the king made Daniel a great man, and gave him many great gifts, and made him ruler over the whole province of Babylon, and chief of the governors over all the wise men of Babylon.
Then the king made Daniel a great man, and gave him many great gifts, and made him ruler over the whole province of Babylon, and chief of the governors over all the wise men of Babylon.
How great are his signs! and how mighty are his wonders! his kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and his dominion is from generation to generation.
Thus were the visions of mine head in my bed; I saw, and behold a tree in the midst of the earth, and the height thereof was great.
The king spake, and said, Is not this great Babylon, that I have built for the house of the kingdom by the might of my power, and for the honour of my majesty?
Belshazzar the king made a great feast to a thousand of his lords, and drank wine before the thousand.
Daniel spake and said, I saw in my vision by night, and, behold, the four winds of the heaven strove upon the great sea.
And four great beasts came up from the sea, diverse one from another.
After this I saw in the night visions, and behold a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, and strong exceedingly; and it had great iron teeth: it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with the feet of it: and it was diverse from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns.
I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things.
I beheld then because of the voice of the great words which the horn spake: I beheld even till the beast was slain, and his body destroyed, and given to the burning flame.
These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, which shall arise out of the earth.
And of the ten horns that were in his head, and of the other which came up, and before whom three fell; even of that horn that had eyes, and a mouth that spake very great things, whose look was more stout than his fellows.
And he shall speak great words against the most High, and shall wear out the saints of the most High, and think to change times and laws: and they shall be given into his hand until a time and times and the dividing of time.
I saw the ram pushing westward, and northward, and southward; so that no beasts might stand before him, neither was there any that could deliver out of his hand; but he did according to his will, and became great.
Therefore the he goat waxed very great: and when he was strong, the great horn was broken; and for it came up four notable ones toward the four winds of heaven.
Therefore the he goat waxed very great: and when he was strong, the great horn was broken; and for it came up four notable ones toward the four winds of heaven.
And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and toward the pleasant land.
And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and it cast down some of the host and of the stars to the ground, and stamped upon them.
And the rough goat is the king of Grecia: and the great horn that is between his eyes is the first king.
Dictionary data is kept visibly separate from Scripture and from lexical Strong's data.
GREAT, adjective [Latin crassus.]
1. Large in bulk or dimensions; a term of comparison, denoting more magnitude or extension than something else, or beyond what is usual; as a great body; a great house; a great farm.
2. Being of extended length or breadth; as a great distance; a great lake.
3. Large in number; as a great many; a great multitude.
4. Expressing a large, extensive or unusual degree of any thing; as great fear; great love; great strength; great wealth; great power; great influence; great folly.
5. Long continued; as a great while.
6. Important; weighty; as a great argument; a great truth; a great event; a thing of no great consequence; it is no great matter.
7. Chief; principal; as the great seal of England.
8. Chief; of vast power and excellence; supreme; illustrious; as the great God; the great Creator.
9. Vast; extensive; wonderful; admirable.
GREAT are thy works. Jehovah.
10. Possessing large or strong powers of mind; as a great genius.
11. Having made extensive or unusual acquisitions of science or knowledge; as a great philosopher or botanist; a great scholar.
12. Distinguished by rank, office or power; elevated; eminent; as a great lord; the great men of the nation; the great Mogul; Alexander the great
13. Dignified in aspect, mien or manner.
Amidst the crowd she walks serenely great
14. Magnanimous; generous; of elevated sentiments; high-minded. He has a great soul.
15. Rich; sumptuous; magnificent. He disdained not to appear at great tables. A great feast or entertainment.
16. Vast; sublime; as a great conception or idea.
17. Dignified; noble.
Nothing can be great which is not right.
18. Swelling; proud; as, he was not disheartened by great looks.
19. Chief; principal; much traveled; as a great road. The ocean is called the great highway of nations.
20. Pregnant; teeming; as great with young.
21. Hard; difficult. It is no great matter to live in peace with meek people.
22. Familiar; intimate. [Vulgar.]
23. Distinguished by extraordinary events, or unusual importance. Jude 1:6.
24. Denoting a degree of consanguinity, in the ascending or descending line, as great grandfather, the father of a grandfather; great great grandfather, the father of a great grandfather, and so on indefinitely; and great grandson, great great grandson. etc.
25. Superior; preeminent; as great chamberlain; great marshal.
The sense of great is to be understood by the things it is intended to qualify. great pain or wrath is violent pain or wrath; great love is ardent love; great peace is entire peace; a great name is extensive renown; a great evil or sin, is a sin of deep malignity, etc.
GREAT, noun The whole; the gross; the lump or mass; as, a carpenter contracts to build a ship by the great
1. People of rank or distinction. The poor envy the great and the great despise the poor.
Noah Webster, An American Dictionary of the English Language (1828). A conservative base-form lookup may be used when the exact inflected KJV form is not a Webster headword.
Curated TWBC teaching will remain a separate editorial layer. Raw source data is never silently rewritten to force a doctrinal conclusion.